Columba akafa nguva yekereke yechina isati yatanga, saka angava sei Mutumwa kunguva iyoyo?

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Pauro akadzidzisa Timotio kutaura chokwadi. Tinofanira kudzidzisawo chidzidzo chino nenzira imwechete iyi.

2 TIMOTIO 2:24 Zvino muranda waShe haafaniri kukakavara, asi ave munyoro kuvanhu vose, unoziva kudzidzisa, unotsungirira pakuitirwa zvakaipa,

Columba, mutumwa kunguva yekereke yechina, akafa muna 597 AD. Asi nguva yekereke yechina yakatanga makore ana 606 AD. Aizova sei mutumwa kunguva yaizotevera?

Kune makereke manomwe akataurwa kuna Zvakazarurwa chaputa 1-3. Kana vaireva makereke manomwe epanzvimbo iwayo chete vanenge vachitiudza zvaigonekwa uye zvaitadzwa nevanhu ivavo. Nhasi uno tine kuita kwakafanana neuku kwezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Zvisinei, kana makereke aya achimiririra nguva dzemakereke manomwe zvino tinowana kwete muono wemukati-kati wezvaikanganiswa nevanhu kana zvavaigona chete asi kuenda mberi kwekutsvaira kukuru kunodakadza kwenhoroondo yekereke, yakataurwa isati yaitika. Muono wemukati-kati wekukura kwekukanganisa kwemakereke emasangano nehurongwa hwaMwari hwekuchengetedza chokwadi cheBhaibheri. Danho rinodakadza kwazvo.

Nguva yekereke yechina, Tiyatira (zita rinoreva “mukadzi kana kereke inotonga”) ndiyo nguva yepakati nepakati penguva dzemakere manomwe. Nguva dzepakati idzi dzinodaidzwa nevenhoroondo seNguva dzeRima. Panguva iyi kereke yeRoman Catholic yaibata ushe muEurope. Iyi ndiyo yaive nguva yechina yekereke apo Chiedza cheIvhangeri chakadzima. Nei?

Mwari vanovenga dzidziso yekusimudzira munhu mutsvene, zvisinei nekuti anogona zvakadii, kuti ave musoro wekereke?

Zvakadaro vanhu, ungano, inova pahutapwa kumirairo yevanhu. Jesu Kristu ega ndiye Musoro wekereke. Nekufamba kwenguva kereke yakaramba ichiwira muriva rekusimudza munhu semutungamiriri pakati pevanhu naMwari.

Chinyorwa chemuBhaibheri chinotevera chinotipa pfupiso yenguva yekereke yechina.

MUPARIDZI 7:26 Ndikawana chinhu chinovava kukunda rufu, ndiye mukadzi ari musungo (mukadzi anomiririra kereke) moyo wake ari mambure, maoko ake zvisungo (kereke inovimbisa rusununguko asi inotimanikidza kubvumirana netsika dzayo dzakaitwa nevanhu yotisungirira pamafungiro ayo pamusoro pechitendero): ani naani anofadza Mwari, achapukunyuka kwaari; (Columba neavo vaakatendeutsa); asi mutadzi achabatwa naye (Pope Gregory mukuru nevateveri vake vekereke yeRoman Catholic).

Kereke yeRoman Catholic yaive nezano rakasimba rekuunza vanhu pasi petsika dzayo dzakaiswa nevanhu, dzinova mirairo yezvechitendero yakatarwa nevanhu. Vakakwanisa kuita mutungamiriri anokurudzira chose, Pope Gregory I, vaiti vanhu vavaremekedze munyika yaive izere nehondo, hosha nenzara.

Kubva muna 590- 604 AD Pope Gregory mukuru akaita kuti kereke yeRoma igare panheyo huru kwazvo dzakaita kuti irarame munezvemari munguva dzekubatikana dzakadaro. Aive murume anoshamisa ane kubata kukuru kunoshamisa nesimba rakaoma uye moyo munyoro kuvarombo nevanotambudzika. Nzvimbo yose yaive yapihwa kukereke nevanhu vekuRoma vaive vakapfuma (pachinzvimbo chekuti maBhabharian vaipambe) yakabatanidzwa pamwechete ikava mumaoko ake kuitira kuti mari kana gohwo rayaiunza kubva kuzvirimwa zvaizochengetedzeka. Izvo zvakaponesa Roma ikakwanisa kuripira zvikwereti zvayo. Dzishamwari nevamwewo vakamusimudzira nekumuremekedza. Aive chiratidzo chegamba kuvazhinji akabata mafungiro evaRoma Europe ikatsvedza ichipinda munguva yerima. Akafa nguva yekereke yechina ichangotanga. Zvaive nyore kutevera mutungamiriri mukuru akadai uye aive achirangarira vamwe.

Asi, ukaera watevera munhu, zvisinei nekuti akakura sei, kunamata kwako hakuna maturo. Nei? Nekuti wabvisa meso ako pana Jesu Kristu neBhaibheri.

MAKO 7:7 Asi vanondinamata pasina, vachidzidzisa dzidziso, iri mirairo yavanhu.

Kukanganisa kwedu kukuru kunouya apo tinobvisa maziso edu pana Kristu. Tinoita izvi patinosimudzira mumwe munhu ane kubata kukuru zvekuti tinobva tatadza kubva pakufadzwa naye, tobva tada kumutevera nekumuteerera.

ZVAKAZARURWA 2:6 Asi chinhu ichi unacho, unovenga mabasa avaNikoraiti, andinovenga neniwo.

ZVAKAZARURWA 2:15 Nokudaro una vamwe vo, vanobatisisa saizvozvo dzidziso yavaNikoraiti, chinhu chandinovenga...

Mabasa airatidzika seasina kuipa munguva yekereke yekutanga akafanana nekutarisira kumutungamiriri mukereke nekutevera zvaanofunga akava dzidziso dzinosunga kwazvo munguva yekereke yechitatu. Nenguva iyoyo vanhu vaive vave kutya kwazvo kupikisa kana kugadzirisa mutungamiriri wekereke, uye vairwadziwa kwazvo kubuda mukereke make. Vakatanga kuvimba nemutungamiriri uye nekereke pakuwana ruponeso. Saka vakasarudza kuva vanhu vanozvipira kuhutungamiriri, vachiitwa varanda vezvido nemirairo yevanhu.

(Tsika dzavaNikoraiti) Nico zvinoreva kutapa. Kutapa ungano. Vanhu vanova vanozvipira kuvaparidzi.

Munhu anozviti ndiye musoro wekereke. Munhu wese anofanira kutenda nekuteerera zvaanotaura. Idzi inhema.

VAEFESO 5:23 Nokuti murume musoro womukadzi, saKristuvo musoro wekereke; iye amene ndiye muponesi womuviri.

Kereke yechokwadi chaiyo ine musoro mumwechete, anova Jesu Kristu. Hakuna munhu anofanira kumira pakati pako naMwari. Munhu Jesu Kristu chete. Muparidzi anozviti ndiye musoro wechero kereke angori kaPope kaduku.

Uku ndiko kwaive kutadza kukuru kwekutanga kwaPope Gregory. Akasimbisa kuti iye, munhu, aive musoro wekereke.

Kukanganisa uku kwakava gadziriro yekuuya kweNguva yeRima. Gregory aive mutungamiriri wekereke anoziva uye akazvipira, asi hushumiri hwake hwakadzima chiedza cheIvhangeri Europe ikapinda murima, nekuti akagadza hutungamiriri hwevanhu sekiyi yekukura kwekereke. Saka kereke yakakura, asi nenzira isina kunaka. Nyange kuwanda kwayo kuchiiita kuti inzi iri kubudirira mumaonero evanhu, dzidziso dzayo dzaive dzisina kubva muBhaibheri. Saka yaive nyaka-nyaka mune zvemweya.

Aive abudirira zvake asi, kuzvisimudza kwake nekuti aive Pope, kwakagadza tsika yaireva kuti kumashure kwake kwaizouya mamwe maPope mazhinji vaive vakasaririra kubva kwaari pamasimba, kuzvibata uye ruremekedzo. Mamwe maPope vaive vasingakwanisi kuita chinhu chinobudirira pachavo vasingatenderi vanopikisa uye vamwe vakanga vasingafadzi ruzhinji vachiita huwori. Asi vose vaizosangana pakuzviti ndivo vanotonga kereke sezvakaitwa naPope Gregory I. Rima rakavharira mushure mekufa kwaGregory, muchikamu nekuda kwekuwira pasi kwehunhu hwemaPope aimutevera.

Kubva muna 590 kusvika muna 604 AD Pope akanakisa uyu, Gregory I, akava gamba nekuda kwekubata kwake kwakanaka uye nehunyanzvi munezvekubata zvinhu mukereke uye tsitsi dzake pakubatsira vanhu. Asi zvisinei nemabasa ake akanaka akaita chinhu chakadzima Chiedza nekuti akasimbisa kuti kereke yeRoman Catholic yaive bato rakakoshesesa panyika, uye pope aive pamusoro-soro atori ndiye musoro wayo. Mirairo yevanhu yakabva yatungamirira kereke ichipinda muchando neNguva yeRima.

Chiedza cheEvangeri chakadzimwa apo hutungamiriri hwevanhu hwakagadzwa hukapasiswa.

Nicholas I, murume akaoma uye aive nesimba pakuita zvinhu, akaita Pope kubva muna 858-867 AD aive mumwe wemaPope ekutanga kupfeka korona kuratidza kuti aive akangoringana kuva mambo. Kumashure kwake yakazova korona yakapetwa katatu mukutanga kwemakore ana 1 300 kuti zviratidze kuti Pope aive akasimudzwa kuti atonge Denga, nyika uye nzvimbo inoenda mweya yevakafa.

ZVAKAZARURWA 6:2 Ndikatarira, ndikaona bhiza jena, naiye wakanga akaritasva, wakanga anovuta; akapiwa korona, akabuda achikunda, vuye kuti akunde.

Bhiza jena rinomiririra simba rekunyengera kwezvitendero, nekuti murume wevuta wakanga asina miseve (kwaive kutaura kusina maturo). Mabasa ake akatanga sekusimudzwa kusina “chakunokanganisa” kwevaparidzi pamusoro pevanhu mukereke kana kuti ungano, mweya waantikristu uyu wakabva wakura kuva hutongi hwehudzvanyiriri pakereke kubva kuvakuru vayo, kusvikira vatungamiriri vakanga vasimudzirwa vagamuchira korona kuratidza kukosha kwaPope.

III JOHANE 1:9 Ndakanyorera kereke; asi Diotrefe, unoda kuva mukuru pakati pavo, unotiramba isu.

Vatungamiriri vemakereke vanoda hukuru havagamuchiri vaporofita kana dzidziso dzavo.

Pamusoro pazvose, ndeupi mufundisi (pastor) anoda kunzwa kuti izwi rekuti “mufundisi” (pastor) rakataurwa kamwechete chete muTestamente Itsva? Saka mufundisi haana mvumo kubva muMagwaro yekuti ave musoro wekereke. Hakuna futi Gwaro rinoti mufundisi mufudzi. Saka makereke edu emazuva ano haasi kufambiswa nenzira inotevera maGwaro.

Hutungamiriri hwevanhu hunofadza isu vanhu, asi haubatiri hurongwa hwaMwari.

III JOHANE 1:10 Naizvozvo kana ndichivuya, ndicharangarira mabasa ake aanoita, kuti unotiitira makuhwa namashoko akaipa; vuye, haatendi naizvozvo bedzi, iye amene haagamuchiri hama, vuye vakanga vachida havo unovadzivisa nokuvadzinga mukereke.

Hazvichashamisi kuti nei vanhu vasingakwanisi kupikisa mufundisi. Anongokudzingirai kunze. Kereke yeCatholic inozvidaidza kuti kuisa pasi peshamhu.

Zvinoita sekuti makereke edu akatora mufananidzo uyu wekereke yeCatholic muNguva yeRima. MaGwaro haati here kereke yeRaodhikia ibofu? Kuva mapofu zvinoreva kuti hatikwanise kuona Chiedza cheMagwaro.

ZVAKAZARURWA 3:14 Nyorera mutumwa wekereke iri paRaodhikia, uti;

17 Nekuti unoti ndakafuma ndakafumiswa, handishaiwi chinhu; usingazivi kuti ndiwe unovurombo nenhamo, uri murombo nebofu usina chokufuka.

Chakakanganiswa naPope Gregory chikuru chechipiri ndechekupa ruponeso kune ayo makereke echiCatholic aimuteerera aizviwisira kwaari.

Isu vanhu tinongonzwa moyo yedu ichiti “Kereke yangu ndiyo inonatsa”. Asi sezvo kuine mimwe misiyano mizhinji, makereke ese haangambove achinatsa.

Totenda Gregory, vanhu havana kuzonzwa vachida kuponeswa nekutenda kwavo kuBhaibheri zvachose, asi vakaona zviri nyore kusimudzira munhu akaita savo wavanozokoshesa voteerera mutungamiriri wavo iyeye. Zvino mutungamiriri wavo wavanenge vasarudza iyeye anovavimbisa kuti kana vakaramba vachiteerera mutungamiriri, anozovatungamirira kusvika vanopinda denga. Sezvazviri nhasi uno, hatipikisi mutungamiriri wekereke yedu yepanzvimbo. Kana tikamutevera anotikundisa. Kuenda kwedu kukereke “chaiyo” kunova kiyi yedu yekuva “muchokwadi”. Kutsvaga ruponeso nekuita uku ndiyo nzira yatinozvinyengera nayo isu vanhu.

Zvinyorwa zveNguva yeRima zvakapfupiswa zvichinzi “Hakuna ruponeso kunze kwekereke yeRoma.” zviri nyore kudaro, zvakaitwa ruponeso rwemweya. Vanhu vaisaziva zvakakwana muBhaibheri zvekuti havana kuziva kuti zvavaitenda mazviri zvaive zvisingabvi muBhaibheri. Bofu ratungamirira rimwe bofu. Hakuna akaona gomba rainowira kereke.

Pope ndiye aive musoro wekereke, achitora nzvimbo yaKristu. Aive simba rekupedzisira, achitora zvakare nzvimbo yeBhaibheri.

Kereke yeCatholic yakakura mukati menguva yerima nekuti Pope Gregory akaisa pfungwa yakanaka uye yainyatsoshanda, asi iri dzidziso yakaipisisa.

Jesu akapa Petro kiyi yekuvhura musuwo wedenga. Petro akaita izvi nekuudza vanhu kuti vatendeuke vabhabhatidzwe.

MABASA AVAPOSITORA 2:38 Petro akati kwavari, Tendevukai, mumwe nemuwe wenyu, abhabhatidzwe nezita raJesu, kuti mukanganwirwe zvivi, mupiwe chipiwa choMweya Mutsvene.

Pope anoti Petro anokwanisa kuvhura masuwo edenga orega ani nani waanoda achipinda. Tingati, Petro anosarudza kuti ndiyani angaende kudenga. Pope akabva anyepa kuti Petro akambogara kuRoma uye aive mupositora mukuru uyezve Bhishopu weRoma. Hakuna nhoroondo inotsigira kutaura uku kwekuti Petro akambosvika kuRoma. Tichiwedzera, Pope, saBhishopu weRoma, aive mutevedzeri waPetro saka aive ndiye munhu ega aive nemvumo yekuwana simba rekuwana makiyi aPetro. Kana ukatevera Pope ukamupa mari kana nzvimbo kana kuti kupa ruchengetedzo mune zvehondo kukereke yeRoman Catholic, Petro aizokuzarurira musuwo wekudenga. MaBhabharian vakanyengereka vakatenda izvi-vakadyira vakabatwa vakanyura. Ichi ndicho chaive chikonzero chikuru chakaita kuti maBhabharian abvume kuzviwisira kuna Pope. Saka pakafa mubati wezvinhu aiziva kwazvo uyu, Pope Gregory I, muna 604 AD akasiya nhaka yehukuru yaive igere pakugona kuita zvinhu kwake uye kuziva kubata masangano kwake. Asi vanaPope vakamutevera vaive vakasara nekure pakugona kuita zvaaiita uye vari kure nekukodzera kutora basa iri saiye, saka sezvo ivo vaizvitiwo vatungamiriri vekereke (saka waisakwanisa kupikisana navo) vatunganiriri vevanhu ava, vakan'oreswa nemasimba aya ese, vakatungamirira kereke yeRoma muzvivi zvaisambotendeka uye huwori hweNguva yeRima nguva yekereke yechina yakatevera kumashure kwerufu rwaGregory.

Boniface III akasarudzwa kuti ave Pope muna 606 AD. Akafa muna 607 AD. Asi panguva duku iyoyo, achivaka pamusoro pekubata kwaPope Gregory mukuru, akazviita kuti sezvo aive Pope akabva azviti “yunivhesari Bhishopu”. Munhu mumwechete apa aive ave kutonga kereke yese. Tsika dzavaNikoraiti (kusimudza munhu mutsvene kuti ave pamusoro pevamwe) yaive yatangwa. Izvi zvakava chiratidzo chekutanga kwenguva yekereke yechina, Nguva yeRima.

ZVAKAZARURWA 2:24 Asi kwamuri, imi makasara paTiatira, vose vasine dzidziso iyi, vasingazivi izvo zvavanoti zvakadzika zvaSatani, ndinoti kwamuri: Handingakutakudziyi mumwe mutoro.

“Zvakadzika zvaSatani” - Kereke yeRoman Catholic yakasiya Bhaibheri, ikatevera hutungamiriri hwevanhu ikapinda mumatope chaimo.

Pope Gregory I ndiye aive mumonk wekutanga kuva Pope. Izvi zvakamuita kuti akwanise kuisa danho rakadzika kwazvo kudzivirira vanhu kuti vasasvike pachiedza cheBhaibheri. Akakurudzira kupararira kwezvivakwa zvinogara mamonk ari kubatira zvechitendero. Mitemo munzvimbo idzi yaiitwa naBenedict makore akapoteredza 530 kusvika 543 AD. Dzimba idzi dzaizova chinhu chakakosha pakuparadzira dzidziso dzekereke yeCatholic muEurope yekumawodzanyemba yese.

Hondo yemakore makumi maviri yekubva muna 535-554 AD kuNorth Africa neItaly yakaparadza nyika idzi dzese dziri mbiri. Mauto aibva kuConstantinople akaparadza marudzi emaVhandari emaBhabhariani nemaOstrogothi. Hosha nenzara zvakatevera kuparadza kwakaoma uku zvikauraya vakawanda vaisvika mamiriyoni. Chikamu chimwe kubva muzvitatu chevanhu vemuEurope chakafa mukuita uku apo Europe yakatanga kutsvedza ichipinda muNguva yeRima.

Zvino muna 568 AD rudzi rwevatorwa rwaiparadza rwainzi maLombard rwakapamba Italy yekumawodzanyemba rukakonzeresa kutambudzika kukuru. Dzimba dzemamonk dzakava nzvimbo dzakanaka kutizira uko vanhu vaiwana hutiziro kubva kumatambudziko avaisangana nawo mazuva ose. Dzimba dzemamonk idzi dzakava nzira dzakakosha pakuparadzira chiCatholic nekuti vanhu vaive mamonk umu ndivo vega vaikwanisa kudzidza uye kuwana Bhaibheri. Vanhu vaive kunze kwedzimba dzemamonk vaive vanhu vaishanda kwazvo vachirima uye vaisakwanisa kunyora kana kuverenga, saka vaitovimba kunzwa kubva kumamonk zvese zvavaida kuziva pamusoro paMwari. Kereke yeCatholic yaiwanisa Bhaibheri rechiLatini rainzwisiswa nemamonk nemupurisita chete. Saka vanhu vakasiiwa vasina ruzivo rweMagwaro. Nekudzoreredza zvinhu mudzimba dzemamonk, Pope aikwanisa kudzoreredza zvaitendwa zvakare nevanhu mune zvechitendero uye aibva aita chokwadi chekuti vanhu vaidzidziswa dzidziso yechiCatholic kwete Bhaibheri. Zvakadaro, mune zvese zvaive nechekuita nevanhu, chinhu chakaita seChiedza cheBhaibheri chakabva chadzimwa. Bhaibheri rimwe nerimwe rechiLatini raifanirwa kunyorwa nemaoko nemumonk. Saka mabhaibheri aiwanikwa pakadaro aive mashoma kwazvo, uye mashoma aiveko aive munzvimbo dzaigara mamonk. Kunyangwe munzvimbo idzi aivigwa kuti asaonekwe nevanhuvo zvavo nekuti aive akanyorwa mumutauro usingazivikanwe wechiLatini. Kusaziva maGwaro kwakaita kuti nguva yekereke yechina ikasike kunonyura muzvieraera uye mukuita kwepfungwa dzevanhu.

Ipapo rima zhinji rakabva rapindira.

Kubva kunana 632 AD zvichienda mberi Chiedza cheEvangeri chakaramba chichidzima munyika dzeMiddle East neNorth Africa (Jerusarema, Antiokia, Ijipita nedzimwewo) nekuti maMosiremu aive atsvairawo nenyika idzodzo. MaVisigoth vaigara muSpain vakatendeukira kuchiCatholic makore akapoteredza 600 AD saka Spain yese yakawirawo murima raPope nechinyakare chake chekereke yeRoman Catholic.

Saka Mwari vaiitei apo kereke yeRoma yaipinza Europe mukati merima?

Kubva muna 563 – 597 mumishinari wechiIrish anonzi Columba akatanga kushumira arikuchitsuva cheScott chainzi Iona kana kuti Hy. Aive nehushumiri hwaive nesimba kwazvo saka haana kukwanisa kushanda mukati menguva yekereke yechina sezvo hushumiri hwake hwaive huri chiedza chinopenya uye chakajeka kwazvo kuvanhu. Akatanga makereke 300 muScotland yese uko vanhu vakanga vadzoserwa kuna Mwari uye kurunako rweupenyu.

Hakuna nguva yerima yaizova nerima guru kana kwaive nevanhu vakaita semurume uyu aiparidza uye achiparadzira chokwadi cheBhaibheri. Kuparidza kwake kwaive kwakaita kunge mwenje une simba guru wakaiswa mudenga denga waibva wabvisa rima rese. Paaiparidza rima renguva yekereke yechina rakabatwa rikadzoswa shure sezvo raitadza kutanga. Columba aitungidza chiedza cheshoko raMwari.

Chiedza hachikwanisi kujeka uye kudzima panguva imwechete. Paakafa chete ndipo pakakwanisa kereke yeRoman Catholic kudzimazve chiedza.

Dzidziso dzake dzakaparari neScotland, Ireland, North Europe uye mushure mekufa kwake dzakasvikawo pakati nepakati peEngland (panguva iyoyo nzvimbo iyi yaidaidzwa kuti Mercia). Chikwata chiduku chevateveri vake vashoma vakasara chakatambudzika kuti chibude munguva yekereke yechina iyi. Vaiuraiwa nekushungurudzwa, vaikoshesa chokwadi chavo kukunda kukoshesa kwavaiita hupenyu hwavo. Asi vakaramba vakasimba vakasiya nheyo kuitira avo vaive nehushingi hwekuva vamutsiridzi, Martin Luther, akabatidza moto wenguva yekereke yechishanu wakaita kuti vanhu vaponeswe nekutenda kwete nemabasa avaibata. Murume mumwechete uyu akakwikwidzana neKereke yeRoman Catholic yaitonga Europe mumupata wedare.

Nguva yekereke yechina yaive nguva yerima, yekudzimwa kweChiedza. Saka nguva yekereke yechina yaisakwanisa kutanga kusvikira chiedza chakajeka icho chakaiswa naColumba achiparidza Bhaibheri chakadzimwa paakafa.

Muna 597 AD, gore rakafa Columba, Pope Gregory I akatumira mamishinari eRoma kuEngland pasi pemumonk Augustine. Vakaburukira kuKent uko mambokadzi Bertha, mwanasikana wamambo wemaFrank aive muCatholic, akanyengerera murume wake kuti avape Cantebury senzvimbo yekutangira. Ikoko mamonk echiCatholic akaita makore 66 achiedza kudzikisira basa raive raitwa naColumba. Muna 664 AD, pakanzuru yeWhitby yaitungamirirwa nemukadzi Abbess, ainzi Hilda, vakapedzisira vatendeutsa mambo weNorthumbria kubva pakudzidzisa kwaColumba nekuti vakamuudza kuti Petro ndiye aive nemakiyi ekudenga, kwete Columba. Vechirungu vakawira mune izvi kwemwaka nemwaka kereke yeRoma yakabvisa mabasa aColumba ese kusvika pagore ra700 AD, chiedza muEngland chaive chadzima. England yakabva yatumira mamishinari eRoma kuHolland neGermany kunoita dzimba dzemamonk, saka zvakaita kuti Europe yekumawodzanyemba irambe ichirarama iri murima uye ichizviwisira kuna Pope.